standard grade physics summary notes

I found a great set of summary notes provided by the Physics Department at James Gillespie’s High School in Edinburgh.  They cover the entire course, so are quite long.  The diagrams are very clear and I would recommend working your way through them as part of your preparation for the May exams.

The notes are in a pdf file so they will work with iTunes or you can download them by clicking on the link below.

colour, temperature and emission spectra

Today we looked at emission spectra from different light sources; mercury, sodium, cadmium and oxygen discharge tubes, using a handheld spectroscope.

Here is a video that shows you how to make a basic spectroscope at home.  There are lots of guides like this online.  You might prefer to make a larger spectroscope by using a Pringles tub rather than an old toilet roll holder as the main tube.

I have attached the handout on colour and emission of light from different elements below.

ray diagram – object further than 2f

This post is for Intermediate 2 only.

The final situation we need to consider is when the object is located more than two focal lengths away from the convex lens.  The diagram is similar to the previous examples but needs additional points marked on the optic axis.

ray diagram for distance > 2f from mr mackenzie on Vimeo.

ray diagram – object closer than 1f

This post is for Standard Grade and Intermediate 2.

Here we consider an object closer than one focal length.  You will see that it is not possible to obtain a real image when the object is this close to the lens.  On a ray diagram, a real image is one that is found on the other side of the lens from the object.

Real images can always be displayed on a screen – a projector in the cinema or classroom produces a real image.  If you are doing an experiment, you can check to see if an image is real using a piece of paper.  Move your sheet of paper closer to and further from the lens – if you can’t get an image to form on the paper then the image must be virtual.  When we look at an object up close through a magnifying glass, we see a virtual image.

ray diagram for objects closer than 1f from mr mackenzie on Vimeo.